Comparison of the Effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy on Intrusive Thoughts of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors
-
Sahar Sharifi Shahrivar
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qods, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1270-7412
-
Seyed Zabihallah Mosavian
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Bushehr, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-1080
-
Seyyedeh Nasrin Mousavinia
M.Sc. in clinical psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-1080
-
Neda Jamali Aghdavahlo
M.Sc. in clinical psychology, faculity of psychology, Garmsar University,Garmsar,lran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4897-6331
-
Neda Jamali Aghdavahlo
M.Sc. in clinical psychology, faculity of psychology, Garmsar University,Garmsar,lran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4897-6331
-
Sara Masoumi
M.Sc. Department of Educational Sciences 2, Faculty of Humanities, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-4721
-
Javad Seyed Jafari
Ph.D. candidate in Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0447-1075
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22100/ijhs.v9i1.951Keywords:
Metacognitive therapy, Cognitive-behavior therapy, Intrusive thoughts obsessive-compulsive disorderAbstract
Background: According to WHO statistics, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is the tenth most disabling condition. Thus, this study aimed to compare the efficacy of metacognitive therapy (MCT) against Cognitive-Behavior Therapy(CBT) on intrusive thoughts in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Methods: In this study, a quasi-experimental design was used with pre-tests, post-test, and a control group. The study population was all patients who attended psychological clinics in Tehran, Iran, between August to September 2019. Using a purposeful sampling method, 24 OCD patients were selected from the study population, eight in every two experimental groups and eight in the control group. The experimental groups received 8, 120-minute sessions of therapy once a week. The study instruments were a questionnaire on demographic features and the Thought-Action fusion scale (TAFS). To analyze the data, inferential statistics (Multivariate Analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) by SPSS24.
Results: The results revealed that MCT and CBT treatments had a significant effect on variables (Pvalue<0.05). As observed, there is a significant difference in all subscales between the two groups of experiment and control in pre-test and post-test, after removing the pre-test effect (Pvalue<0.05). Moreover, findings showed that both approaches significantly differ from the control group when comparing variables between the two treatments. However, MCT treatment had the greatest effect.
Conclusions: Both MCT and CBT were found to be effective in reducing intrusive thoughts, though MCT had a greater reduction than CBT.
Keywords: Metacognitive therapy, Cognitive-behavior therapy, Intrusive thoughts obsessive-compulsive disorder
References
2. Micha M, Drakos I, Bacopoulou F, Kritseli E, Kokka I, Tigani X, Chrousos G, Kanaka-Gantenbein C. Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Interventions on Symptom Reduction According to Y-BOCS and OCI-R in Adult Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Psychology. 2021 Nov 23;12(11):1863-77.doi: 10.4236/psych.2021.1211112.
3. Nayebaghayee A, Aleyasin SA, Heidari H, Davodi H. Effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy on Dysfunctional Beliefs, Inflated Sense of Responsibility, and Intolerance of Uncertainty in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Quarterly of Clinical Psychology Studies . 2019;9(33):1-24. doi: 10.22054/jcps.2019.35742.1969
4. Türkarslan, K. K. (2020). A Review of Thought Action Fusion and Related Concepts.
5. Gjelsvik B, Kappelmann N, von Soest T, Hinze V, Baer R, Hawton K, Crane C. Thought–Action Fusion in Individuals with a History of Recurrent Depression and Suicidal Depression: Findings from a Community Sample. Cognitive therapy and research. 2018 Dec;42(6):782-93.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-018-9924-7
6. Hezel DM, Stewart SE, Riemann BC, McNally RJ. Clarifying the thought-action fusion bias in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. 2019 Jan 1;20:75-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.10.004
7. Odriozola-González P, Pérez-Álvarez M, García-Montes JM, Perona-Garcelán S, Vallina-Fernández O. The mediating role of metacognitive variables in the relationship between Thought-Action Fusion and obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. suma psicológica. 2016 Jul 1;23(2):80-9.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sumpsi.2016.08.001
8. Black MJ, Grisham JR. A pilot study of interpretive cognitive bias modification for OCD: Targeting memory, uncertainty, and perfectionism biases. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology. January 2018. doi:10.1177/2043808718778969
9. Kim ST, Park CI, Kim HW, Jeon S, Kang JI, Kim SJ. Dysfunctional Metacognitive Beliefs in Patients With Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder and Pattern of Their Changes Following a 3-Month Treatment. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2021;12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.628985
10. Melchior K, Franken I, Deen M, van der Heiden C. Metacognitive therapy versus exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2019 May 20;20(1):277. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-3381-9. PMID: 31109349; PMCID: PMC6528220.
11. van der Heiden C, van Rossen K, Dekker A, Damstra M, Deen M. Metacognitive therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder: A pilot study. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. 2016 Apr 1;9:24-9.
12. Papageorgiou C, Carlile K, Thorgaard S, Waring H, Haslam J, Horne L, et al. Group cognitive-behavior therapy or group metacognitive therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder? Benchmarking and comparative effectiveness in a routine clinical service. Front Psychol. (2018) 9:2551. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02551
13. Glombiewski J, Hansmeier J, Haberkamp A, Rief W, Exner C. Metacognitive therapy versus exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder - a pilot randomized trial. J Obsess Compuls Relat Disord. (2021) 30:100650. doi: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2021.100650
14. McKay D, Sookman D, Neziroglu F, Wilhelm S, Stein DJ, Kyrios M, Matthews K, Veale D. Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Psychiatry research. 2015 Feb 28;225(3):236-46. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.058
15. Kathmann N, Jacobi T, Elsner B, Reuter B. Effectiveness of Individual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Predictors of Outcome in Adult Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 2022 Jan 14:1-3. doi:10.1159/000520454
16. Olatunji BO, Cole D, McGuire JF, et al. Decoupling of Obsessions and Compulsions During Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Youths With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Clinical Psychological Science. 2022;10(1):175-185. doi:10.1177/21677026211013771
17. Sunde T, Walseth LT, Himle JA, Vogel PA, Launes G, Haaland VØ, et al. A long-term follow-up of group behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder in a general outpatient clinic in Norway. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2017;14:59–64.
18. Schwartze, D., Barkowski, S., Burlingame, G. M., Strauss, B., & Rosendahl, J. (2016). Efficacy of group psychotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 10, 49-61. doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2016.05.001
19. Rachman S. Psychological treatment of anxiety: the evolution of behavior therapy and cognitive behavior therapy. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 2009 Apr 27;5:97-119. doi: 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153635.
20. Wells A, King P. Metacognitive therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: An open trial. J Behav Ther Exper Psychiatr 2006; 37(3): 206-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2005.07.002.
21. Shafran R, Thordarson DS, Rachman S. Thought-action fusion in obsessive compulsive disorder. J Anxiety Disord. 1996;10:379–391 doi:10.1016/0887-6185(96)00018-7
22. Pourfaraj M, Mohammadi N, Taghavi M. Psychometric properties of revised thought–action fusion questionnaire (TAF-R) in an Iranian population. Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry. 2008 Dec 1;39(4):600-9. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2008.02.001
23. Andouz Z, Dolatshahi B, Moshtagh N, Dadkhah A. The efficacy of metacognitive therapy on patients suffering from pure obsession. Iran J Psychiatry. 2012 Winter;7(1):11-21. PMID: 23056112; PMCID: PMC3395965
24. Ashouri A, Atef Vahid MK, Gharaee B, Rasoulian M. Effectiveness of meta-cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with major depressive disorder. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2013 Fall;7(2):24-34. PMID: 24644507; PMCID: PMC3939994
25. Mohammadkhani S. The role of fusion beliefs and metacognitions in obsessive–compulsive symptoms in general population. Practice in Clinical Psychology. 2013 Apr 10;1(2):97-104. https://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-43-en.pdf
Published
Issue
Section
License
The Copyright Form should be downloaded and signed by corresponding author in the fourth step "upload supplementary files" during submission process.
After acceptance, copyright form should be downloaded and signed by all authors one by one ( "summery --> supp. file" part and click on "add a supplementary file" link).
